Exercises › Chest › Bench press
Exercise · Chest

Barbell bench press

The bench press is the most popular upper-body lift for a reason: it lets you load the chest, triceps and front shoulders heavier than almost anything else, and it is easy to track progress on. It is also the lift where small setup details decide whether your shoulders feel great or beaten up.

Short answer

Lie with your eyes under the bar, feet planted, shoulder blades squeezed together. Grip a little wider than shoulder width, lower the bar to your lower chest with elbows about 45 to 70 degrees from your body, touch, and press back up over your shoulders. 3 to 5 sets of 5 to 10 reps, stopping one to three reps short of failure.

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Main musclesChest
Also worksTriceps, front delts
EquipmentBarbell, flat bench, rack
LevelIntermediate

How to do it

1
Set your eyes under the bar. Lie down so the bar is roughly above your eyes. Feet flat, a little behind your knees, pressing into the floor.
2
Pull your shoulder blades back and down. Squeeze them together and tuck them into your back pockets. Keep a small natural arch; your butt stays on the bench.
3
Grip and unrack. Hands a little wider than shoulder width, bar in the heel of the palm, wrists stacked. Unrack and bring the bar over your shoulders.
4
Lower to the lower chest. Elbows angled 45 to 70 degrees from your torso, not flared straight out. Touch around the bottom of the sternum, under control.
5
Press up and slightly back. Drive through your feet and push the bar back over your shoulders. Keep the shoulder blades pinned the whole time.

What it should feel like

Chest and triceps doing the work, front shoulders helping. Your upper back should feel tight and stable against the bench. Pain at the front of the shoulder usually means the elbows are flaring or the shoulder blades let go.

Common mistakes

Variations

Dumbbell bench press

More range of motion and each side works on its own. Great if the barbell bothers your shoulders.

Incline dumbbell press

Bench at 30 to 45 degrees shifts more work to the upper chest.

Push-up

The bodyweight version. Use it as a warm-up or for high-rep finishers.

Sets, reps and programming

GoalSets × repsEffortRest
Muscle3–4 × 8–121–3 reps in reserve90–120 s
Strength3–5 × 4–82–3 reps in reserve2–3 min
Learning it2–3 × 10–12, lightSmooth reps, 2–3 s down60–90 s

Use a spotter or set the safety arms for heavy sets. Add 5 lb (2.5 kg) once you hit the top of your rep range on every set. The simplest rule that works: add reps inside the range first, and once every set hits the top of the range, add weight next session. GymAdapt does this for you from the sets you log, and tells you why the target changed.

Questions people ask

What muscles does the bench press work?

Mainly the chest (pecs), with the triceps and front delts helping. The upper back and lats work to keep you stable.

How wide should my grip be on the bench press?

A little wider than shoulder width for most people, so your forearms are roughly vertical when the bar touches your chest.

Should the bar touch my chest?

Yes, lightly, around the lower part of the sternum. Touching gives you a consistent range of motion to compare from week to week.

How many sets and reps for bench press?

3 to 5 sets of 5 to 8 reps for strength, or 3 to 4 sets of 8 to 12 for muscle, stopping one to three reps short of failure.

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About this page. General training information, not medical advice. If an exercise causes sharp or lasting pain, stop and get it checked. GymAdapt is our app.