Exercises › Legs › Bulgarian split squat
Exercise · Quads, glutes

Bulgarian split squat

The Bulgarian split squat is one of the hardest and most effective leg exercises you can do with a pair of dumbbells. It builds the quads and glutes one leg at a time, fixes imbalances and is easy on the lower back.

Short answer

Stand about two feet in front of a bench and put the top of your back foot on it. Holding dumbbells, lower your back knee toward the floor until your front thigh is about parallel, then drive up through your front foot. 3 sets of 8 to 12 reps each leg.

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Main musclesQuads, glutes
Also worksAdductors, hamstrings
EquipmentDumbbells, bench
LevelIntermediate

How to do it

1
Find your distance. Stand about two feet in front of a bench, top of your back foot on it.
2
Hold the dumbbells. At your sides, arms straight.
3
Lower straight down. Bend the front knee and drop the back knee toward the floor.
4
Go deep. Front thigh about parallel to the floor, front heel down.
5
Drive up through the front foot. Push through the whole foot to stand, then repeat before switching legs.

What it should feel like

The front quad and glute working hard, a stretch at the front of the back hip. Your back leg is only for balance.

Common mistakes

Variations

Dumbbell lunge

An easier, more dynamic single-leg move.

Barbell back squat

Bilateral heavy squatting.

Lean forward slightly

A forward lean shifts more work to the glutes; upright is more quads.

Sets, reps and programming

GoalSets × repsEffortRest
Muscle3–4 × 8–121–3 reps in reserve90–120 s
Strength3–5 × 4–82–3 reps in reserve2–3 min
Learning it2–3 × 10–12, lightSmooth reps, 2–3 s down60–90 s

Start with your weaker leg. Expect it to be humbling the first few weeks; the weight will climb quickly. The simplest rule that works: add reps inside the range first, and once every set hits the top of the range, add weight next session. GymAdapt does this for you from the sets you log, and tells you why the target changed.

Questions people ask

What muscles do Bulgarian split squats work?

Mainly the quads and glutes of the front leg, with the adductors and hamstrings helping.

How far should my front foot be from the bench?

About two feet, so that at the bottom your front shin is roughly vertical or slightly forward.

Quads or glutes: how do I bias it?

Stay upright for more quads; lean your torso forward slightly for more glutes.

How many sets and reps for Bulgarian split squats?

3 sets of 8 to 12 reps per leg.

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About this page. General training information, not medical advice. If an exercise causes sharp or lasting pain, stop and get it checked. GymAdapt is our app.